Ramadhan Benefit Series: Intro To Fasting Part 2
Book Of Fasting From Bulughul Maraam Explanation by Ash-Shaykh Saalih Al-Fawzaan حفظه الله ورعاه with a concise translation
Introduction:The Book Of Fasting(continued) As for restraining (from food and drink) without the intention, this isn't called legislated fasting. If one doesn't eat and drink without the intention, it is called fasting in the language(only). Not legislated (fasting), due to his صلى الله عليه و سلم statement:
...إنما الأعمال بالنيات وإنما لكل امرئ ما نوى
"Indeed actions are by intention and indeed for everyone is what he intended..." collected by {Al-Bukhaaree and Muslim from the hadeeth of 'Umar }
Therefore, if a person didn't eat and didn't drink and didn't act on anything that breaks (their fast) from the rising of the second fajr, to the setting of the sun. However, he didn't make the intention of fasting, this isn't considered legislated fasting and there is no reward for him in this. Although, it is called fasting in the language.
TWO CATEGORIES THAT BREAK OR WEAKEN ONE'S REWARD OF FASTING
الحسية (Tangible): Restraining with the intention from the tangible things that break (the fast) such as eating, drinking, and sexual relations with one's spouse(during fasting hours), or
المعنوية (Abstract): The abstract, such as backbiting, tale-carrying, cursing, false and foul speech and prohibited action... it weakens the reward of fasting, or there isn't any reward with it... for this the Prophet صلى الله عليه و سلم said:
فعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : مَنْ لَمْ يَدَعْ قَوْلَ الزُّورِ وَالْعَمَلَ بِهِ فَلَيْسَ لِلَّهِ حَاجَةٌ فِي أَنْ يَدَعَ طَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ
{رواه البخاري}
On the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allaah be pleaبلوغsed with him). The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Whoever does not give up false statements and evil deeds, Allah is not in need of his leaving his food and drink(while fasting)." recorded by Al-Bukhaaree رحمه الله.
and:
ليس الصيام من الأكل والشرب، إنما الصيام من اللغو والرفث. اخرج الحاكم ق صححه والبيهقي من حديث أبي هريرة رَضِيَ اللَّهُ
"Fasting isn't from the food and the drink, indeed the fasting is from vain and obscene talk." recorded by Al-Haakim who authenticated it and Al-Bayhaqi from the hadeeth of Abu Hurairah رضى الله عنه
Translated: Abu Abdil-Haadee Khaleel Davis
Source: بلوغ المرام: كتاب الصيام
